Determine all pairs $(a, b)$ of positive integers for which $\frac{a^2b+b}{ab^2+9}$ is an integer number.
2002 Rioplatense Mathematical Olympiad, Level 3
Day 1
Let $\lambda$ be a real number such that the inequality $0 <\sqrt {2002} - \frac {a} {b} <\frac {\lambda} {ab}$ holds for an infinite number of pairs $ (a, b)$ of positive integers. Prove that $\lambda \geq 5 $.
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $\angle C=60^o$. The point $P$ is the symmetric of $A$ with respect to the point of tangency of the circle inscribed with the side $BC$ . Show that if the perpendicular bisector of the $CP$ segment intersects the line containing the angle - bisector of $\angle B$ at the point $Q$, then the triangle $CPQ$ is equilateral.
Day 2
Let $a, b$ and $c$ be positive real numbers. Show that $\frac{a+b}{c^2}+ \frac{c+a}{b^2}+ \frac{b+c}{a^2}\ge \frac{9}{a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}$
$ABC$ is any triangle. Tangent at $C$ to circumcircle ($O$) of $ABC$ meets $AB$ at $M$. Line perpendicular to $OM$ at $M$ intersects $BC$ at $P$ and $AC$ at $Q$. P.T. $MP=MQ$.
Daniel chooses a positive integer $n$ and tells Ana. With this information, Ana chooses a positive integer $k$ and tells Daniel. Daniel draws $n$ circles on a piece of paper and chooses $k$ different points on the condition that each of them belongs to one of the circles he drew. Then he deletes the circles, and only the $k$ points marked are visible. From these points, Ana must reconstruct at least one of the circumferences that Daniel drew. Determine which is the lowest value of $k$ that allows Ana to achieve her goal regardless of how Daniel chose the $n$ circumferences and the $k$ points.