Let $a, b, c$ be positive real numbers such that $a + b + c + ab + bc + ca + abc = 7$. Prove that $\sqrt{a^2 + b^2 + 2 }+\sqrt{b^2 + c^2 + 2 }+\sqrt{c^2 + a^2 + 2 } \ge 6$ .
2017 JBMO Shortlist
Algebra
Let $a$ and $b$ be positive real numbers such that $3a^2 + 2b^2 = 3a + 2b$. Find the minimum value of $A =\sqrt{\frac{a}{b(3a+2)}} + \sqrt{\frac{b}{a(2b+3)}} $
let $a\le b\le c \le d$ show that: $$ab^3+bc^3+cd^3+da^3\ge a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2d^2+d^2a^2$$
Let $x,y,z$ be positive integers such that $x\neq y\neq z \neq x$ .Prove that $$(x+y+z)(xy+yz+zx-2)\geq 9xyz.$$When does the equality hold? Proposed by Dorlir Ahmeti, Albania
Combinatorics
Consider a regular $2n + 1$-gon $P$ in the plane, where n is a positive integer. We say that a point $S$ on one of the sides of $P$ can be seen from a point $E$ that is external to $P$, if the line segment $SE$ contains no other points that lie on the sides of $P$ except $S$. We want to color the sides of $P$ in $3$ colors, such that every side is colored in exactly one color, and each color must be used at least once. Moreover, from every point in the plane external to $P$, at most $2$ different colors on $P$ can be seen (ignore the vertices of $P$, we consider them colorless). Find the largest positive integer for which such a coloring is possible.
Consider a regular 2n-gon $ P$,$A_1,A_2,\cdots ,A_{2n}$ in the plane ,where $n$ is a positive integer . We say that a point $S$ on one of the sides of $P$ can be seen from a point $E$ that is external to $P$ , if the line segment $SE$ contains no other points that lie on the sides of $P$ except $S$ .We color the sides of $P$ in 3 different colors (ignore the vertices of $P$,we consider them colorless), such that every side is colored in exactly one color, and each color is used at least once . Moreover ,from every point in the plane external to $P$ , points of most 2 different colors on $P$ can be seen .Find the number of distinct such colorings of $P$ (two colorings are considered distinct if at least one of sides is colored differently). Proposed by Viktor Simjanoski, Macedonia JBMO 2017, Q4
We have two piles with $2000$ and $2017$ coins respectively. Ann and Bob take alternate turns making the following moves: The player whose turn is to move picks a pile with at least two coins, removes from that pile $t$ coins for some $2\le t \le 4$, and adds to the other pile $1$ coin. The players can choose a different $t$ at each turn, and the player who cannot make a move loses. If Ann plays first determine which player has a winning strategy.
Geometry
Given a parallelogram $ABCD$. The line perpendicular to $AC$ passing through $C$ and the line perpendicular to $BD$ passing through $A$ intersect at point $P$. The circle centered at point $P$ and radius $PC$ intersects the line $BC$ at point $X$, ($X \ne C$) and the line $DC$ at point $Y$ , ($Y \ne C$). Prove that the line $AX$ passes through the point $Y$ .
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle such that $AB$ is the shortest side of the triangle. Let $D$ be the midpoint of the side $AB$ and $P$ be an interior point of the triangle such that $\angle CAP = \angle CBP = \angle ACB$. Denote by M and $N$ the feet of the perpendiculars from $P$ to $BC$ and $AC$, respectively. Let $p$ be the line through $ M$ parallel to $AC$ and $q$ be the line through $N$ parallel to $BC$. If $p$ and $q$ intersect at $K$ prove that $D$ is the circumcenter of triangle $MNK$.
Consider triangle $ABC$ such that $AB \le AC$. Point $D$ on the arc $BC$ of thecircumcirle of $ABC$ not containing point $A$ and point $E$ on side $BC$ are such that $\angle BAD = \angle CAE < \frac12 \angle BAC$ . Let $S$ be the midpoint of segment $AD$. If $\angle ADE = \angle ABC - \angle ACB$ prove that $\angle BSC = 2 \angle BAC$ .
Let $ABC $ be an acute triangle such that $AB\neq AC$ ,with circumcircle $ \Gamma$ and circumcenter $O$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $BC$ and $D$ be a point on $ \Gamma$ such that $AD \perp BC$. let $T$ be a point such that $BDCT$ is a parallelogram and $Q$ a point on the same side of $BC$ as $A$ such that $\angle{BQM}=\angle{BCA}$ and $\angle{CQM}=\angle{CBA}$. Let the line $AO$ intersect $ \Gamma$ at $E$ $(E\neq A)$ and let the circumcircle of $\triangle ETQ$ intersect $ \Gamma$ at point $X\neq E$. Prove that the point $A,M$ and $X$ are collinear.
A point $P$ lies in the interior of the triangle $ABC$. The lines $AP, BP$, and $CP$ intersect $BC, CA$, and $AB$ at points $D, E$, and $F$, respectively. Prove that if two of the quadrilaterals $ABDE, BCEF, CAFD, AEPF, BFPD$, and $CDPE$ are concyclic, then all six are concyclic.
Number Theory
Determine all the sets of six consecutive positive integers such that the product of some two of them . added to the product of some other two of them is equal to the product of the remaining two numbers.
Determine all positive integers n such that $n^2/ (n - 1)!$
Find all pairs of positive integers $(x,y)$ such that $2^x + 3^y$ is a perfect square.
Solve in nonnegative integers the equation $5^t + 3^x4^y = z^2$.
Find all positive integers $n$ such that there exists a prime number $p$, such that $p^n-(p-1)^n$ is a power of $3$. Note. A power of $3$ is a number of the form $3^a$ where $a$ is a positive integer.