Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with orthocenter $H$. Let $G$ be the point such that the quadrilateral $ABGH$ is a parallelogram. Let $I$ be the point on the line $GH$ such that $AC$ bisects $HI$. Suppose that the line $AC$ intersects the circumcircle of the triangle $GCI$ at $C$ and $J$. Prove that $IJ = AH$.

Let $a$ and $b$ be positive integers such that $a! + b!$ divides $a!b!$. Prove that $3a \ge 2b + 2$.

Let $n$ be a positive integer. Two players $A$ and $B$ play a game in which they take turns choosing positive integers $k \le n$. The rules of the game are: (i) A player cannot choose a number that has been chosen by either player on any previous turn. (ii) A player cannot choose a number consecutive to any of those the player has already chosen on any previous turn. (iii) The game is a draw if all numbers have been chosen; otherwise the player who cannot choose a number anymore loses the game. The player $A$ takes the first turn. Determine the outcome of the game, assuming that both players use optimal strategies. Proposed by Finland

Suppose that a sequence $a_1,a_2,\ldots$ of positive real numbers satisfies \[a_{k+1}\geq\frac{ka_k}{a_k^2+(k-1)}\]for every positive integer $k$. Prove that $a_1+a_2+\ldots+a_n\geq n$ for every $n\geq2$.

We say that a triangle $ABC$ is great if the following holds: for any point $D$ on the side $BC$, if $P$ and $Q$ are the feet of the perpendiculars from $D$ to the lines $AB$ and $AC$, respectively, then the reflection of $D$ in the line $PQ$ lies on the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$. Prove that triangle $ABC$ is great if and only if $\angle A = 90^{\circ}$ and $AB = AC$. Senior Problems Committee of the Australian Mathematical Olympiad Committee

A positive integer is called fancy if it can be expressed in the form $$2^{a_1}+2^{a_2}+ \cdots+ 2^{a_{100}},$$where $a_1,a_2, \cdots, a_{100}$ are non-negative integers that are not necessarily distinct. Find the smallest positive integer $n$ such that no multiple of $n$ is a fancy number. Senior Problems Committee of the Australian Mathematical Olympiad Committee

Let $AB$ and $AC$ be two distinct rays not lying on the same line, and let $\omega$ be a circle with center $O$ that is tangent to ray $AC$ at $E$ and ray $AB$ at $F$. Let $R$ be a point on segment $EF$. The line through $O$ parallel to $EF$ intersects line $AB$ at $P$. Let $N$ be the intersection of lines $PR$ and $AC$, and let $M$ be the intersection of line $AB$ and the line through $R$ parallel to $AC$. Prove that line $MN$ is tangent to $\omega$. Warut Suksompong, Thailand

The country Dreamland consists of $2016$ cities. The airline Starways wants to establish some one-way flights between pairs of cities in such a way that each city has exactly one flight out of it. Find the smallest positive integer $k$ such that no matter how Starways establishes its flights, the cities can always be partitioned into $k$ groups so that from any city it is not possible to reach another city in the same group by using at most $28$ flights. Warut Suksompong, Thailand

Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+$ such that $$(z + 1)f(x + y) = f(xf(z) + y) + f(yf(z) + x),$$for all positive real numbers $x, y, z$. Fajar Yuliawan, Indonesia

Determine all functions $f$ from the set of non-negative integers to itself such that $f(a + b) = f(a) + f(b) + f(c) + f(d)$, whenever $a, b, c, d$, are non-negative integers satisfying $2ab = c^2 + d^2$.

For a finite set $A$ of positive integers, a partition of $A$ into two disjoint nonempty subsets $A_1$ and $A_2$ is $\textit{good}$ if the least common multiple of the elements in $A_1$ is equal to the greatest common divisor of the elements in $A_2$. Determine the minimum value of $n$ such that there exists a set of $n$ positive integers with exactly $2016$ good partitions. PS. 2015 ISL C3 has 2015 instead of 2016

Let $m$ and $n$ be positive integers such that $m>n$. Define $x_k=\frac{m+k}{n+k}$ for $k=1,2,\ldots,n+1$. Prove that if all the numbers $x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_{n+1}$ are integers, then $x_1x_2\ldots x_{n+1}-1$ is divisible by an odd prime.

Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral, and let $P$, $Q$, $R$, and $S$ be points on the sides $AB$, $BC$, $CD$, and $DA$, respectively. Let the line segment $PR$ and $QS$ meet at $O$. Suppose that each of the quadrilaterals $APOS$, $BQOP$, $CROQ$, and $DSOR$ has an incircle. Prove that the lines $AC$, $PQ$, and $RS$ are either concurrent or parallel to each other.

For each positive integer $n$, determine the digits of units and hundreds of the decimal representation of the number $$\frac{1 + 5^{2n+1}}{6}$$

Determine all functions $f:\mathbb{Z}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}$ with the property that \[f(x-f(y))=f(f(x))-f(y)-1\]holds for all $x,y\in\mathbb{Z}$.

Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $\angle{C} = 90^{\circ}$, and let $H$ be the foot of the altitude from $C$. A point $D$ is chosen inside the triangle $CBH$ so that $CH$ bisects $AD$. Let $P$ be the intersection point of the lines $BD$ and $CH$. Let $\omega$ be the semicircle with diameter $BD$ that meets the segment $CB$ at an interior point. A line through $P$ is tangent to $\omega$ at $Q$. Prove that the lines $CQ$ and $AD$ meet on $\omega$.

Let $S$ be a nonempty set of positive integers. We say that a positive integer $n$ is clean if it has a unique representation as a sum of an odd number of distinct elements from $S$. Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integers that are not clean.