2020 Hong Kong TST

August 24, 2019 - Test 1

1

Find all functions $f:\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{N}$ such that for every positive integer $n$ the following is valid: If $d_1,d_2,\ldots,d_s$ are all the positive divisors of $n$, then $$f(d_1)f(d_2)\ldots f(d_s)=n.$$

2

Let D be an arbitrary point inside $\Delta ABC$. Let $\Gamma$ be the circumcircle of $\Delta BCD$. The external angle bisector of $\angle ABC$ meets $\Gamma$ again at $E$. The external angle bisector of $\angle ACB$ meets $\Gamma$ again at $F$. The line $EF$ meets the extension of $AB$ and $AC$ at $P$ and $Q$ respectively. Prove that the circumcircles of $\Delta BFP$ and $\Delta CEQ$ always pass through the same fixed point regardless of the position of $D$. (Assume all the labelled points are distinct.)

3

Given a list of integers $2^1+1, 2^2+1, \ldots, 2^{2019}+1$, Adam chooses two different integers from the list and computes their greatest common divisor. Find the sum of all possible values of this greatest common divisor.

4

Find the total number of primes $p<100$ such that $\lfloor (2+\sqrt{5})^p \rfloor-2^{p+1}$ is divisible by $p$. Here $\lfloor x \rfloor$ denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to $x$.

5

In $\Delta ABC$, let $D$ be a point on side $BC$. Suppose the incircle $\omega_1$ of $\Delta ABD$ touches sides $AB$ and $AD$ at $E,F$ respectively, and the incircle $\omega_2$ of $\Delta ACD$ touches sides $AD$ and $AC$ at $F,G$ respectively. Suppose the segment $EG$ intersects $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ again at $P$ and $Q$ respectively. Show that line $AD$, tangent of $\omega_1$ at $P$ and tangent of $\omega_2$ at $Q$ are concurrent.

6

For a sequence with some ones and zeros, we count the number of continuous runs of equal digits in it. (For example the sequence $011001010$ has $7$ continuous runs: $0,11,00,1,0,1,0$.) Find the sum of the number of all continuous runs for all possible sequences with $2019$ ones and $2019$ zeros.

October 26, 2019 - Test 2

1

Let $\Delta ABC$ be an acute triangle with incenter $I$ and orthocenter $H$. $AI$ meets the circumcircle of $\Delta ABC$ again at $M$. Suppose the length $IM$ is exactly the circumradius of $\Delta ABC$. Show that $AH\geq AI$.

2

Suppose there are $2019$ distinct points in a plane and the distances between pairs of them attain $k$ different values. Prove that $k$ is at least $44$.

3

Two circles $\Gamma$ and $\Omega$ intersect at two distinct points $A$ and $B$. Let $P$ be a point on $\Gamma$. The tangent at $P$ to $\Gamma$ meets $\Omega$ at the points $C$ and $D$, where $D$ lies between $P$ and $C$, and $ABCD$ is a convex quadrilateral. The lines $CA$ and $CB$ meet $\Gamma$ again at $E$ and $F$ respectively. The lines $DA$ and $DB$ meet $\Gamma$ again at $S$ and $T$ respectively. Suppose the points $P,E,S,F,B,T,A$ lie on $\Gamma$ in this order. Prove that $PC,ET,SF$ are parallel.

4

Find all real-valued functions $f$ defined on the set of real numbers such that $$f(f(x)+y)+f(x+f(y))=2f(xf(y))$$for any real numbers $x$ and $y$.