1998 Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania

Day 1

1

Show that $ \frac{\frac{1}{1\cdot 2} +\frac{1}{3\cdot 4}+\cdots +\frac1{1997\cdot 1998}}{\frac{2}{1000\cdot 1998} +\frac{1}{1001\cdot 1997}} $ is an integer number. Bogdan Enescu

2

Consider the rectangle $ ABCD $ and the points $ M,N,P,Q $ on the segments $ AB,BC,CD, $ respectively, $ DA, $ excluding its extremities. Denote with $ p_{\square} , A_{\square} $ the perimeter, respectively, the area of $ \square. $ Prove that: a) $ p_{MNPQ}\ge AC+BD. $ b) $ p_{MNPQ} =AC+BD\implies A_{MNPQ}\le \frac{A_{ABCD}}{2} . $ c) $ p_{MNPQ} =AC+BD\implies MP^2 +NQ^2\ge AC^2. $ Dan Brânzei and Gheorghe Iurea

3

Let $ n $ be a natural number. Find all integer numbers that can be written as $$ \frac{1}{a_1} +\frac{2}{a_2} +\cdots +\frac{n}{a_n} , $$where $ a_1,a_2,...,a_n $ are natural numbers.

Day 2

1

Solve in $ \mathbb{Z}^2 $ the following equation: $$ (x+1)(x+2)(x+3) +x(x+2)(x+3)+x(x+1)(x+3)+x(x+1)(x+2)=y^{2^x} . $$ Adrian Zanoschi

2

We´re given an inscriptible quadrilateral $ DEFG $ having some vertices on the sides of a triangle $ ABC, $ and some vertices (at least one of them) coinciding with the vertices of the same triangle. Knowing that the lines $ DF $ and $ EG $ aren´t parallel, find the locus of their intersection. Dan Brânzei

3

Find the smallest natural number for which there exist that many natural numbers such that the sum of the squares of their squares is equal to $ 1998. $ Gheorghe Iurea