Problem

Source: IMO ShortList 1973, Sweden 1, IMO 1973, Day 2, Problem 3

Tags: Sequence, algebra, Inequality, construction, geometric sequence, IMO, IMO 1973



Let $a_1, \ldots, a_n$ be $n$ positive numbers and $0 < q < 1.$ Determine $n$ positive numbers $b_1, \ldots, b_n$ so that: a.) $ a_{k} < b_{k}$ for all $k = 1, \ldots, n,$ b.) $q < \frac{b_{k+1}}{b_{k}} < \frac{1}{q}$ for all $k = 1, \ldots, n-1,$ c.) $\sum \limits^n_{k=1} b_k < \frac{1+q}{1-q} \cdot \sum \limits^n_{k=1} a_k.$