The incircle of a triangle $ABC$ touches the sides $BC,CA,AB$ at points $D,E,F$, respectively. Let $X$ be a point on the incircle, different from the points $D,E,F$. The lines $XD$ and $EF,XE$ and $FD,XF$ and $DE$ meet at points $J,K,L$, respectively. Let further $M,N,P$ be points on the sides $BC,CA,AB$, respectively, such that the lines $AM,BN,CP$ are concurrent. Prove that the lines $JM,KN$ and $LP$ are concurrent. Dinu Serbanescu
Problem
Source: Romanian TST 2011
Tags: geometry, incenter, search, geometry proposed
09.04.2012 22:51
WLOG assume that $J$ is between $E,F.$ $\triangle JKL$ is obviously autopolar WRT the incircle $(I)$ of $\triangle ABC$ and $A \in LK,$ because its polar $EF$ WRT $(I)$ passes through $J.$ Analogously, $B \in LJ$ and $C \in JK.$ Since $KL$ does not cut $(I),$ then project $KL$ to infinity and $(I)$ into a circle, whose center is then $J.$ So $\triangle DEF$ becomes isosceles right at $D$ and $BCEF$ is a rectangle. Let $Y \equiv AM \cap BN \cap CP,$ $T \equiv KN \cap LP$ and $M' \equiv TJ \cap BC.$ Thus, it suffices to show that $M \equiv M'.$ Let $TP,TN$ cut $BC$ at $U,V.$ Then isosceles right $\triangle TUV$ and $\triangle JBC$ are homothetic through $M'$ $\Longrightarrow$ $\frac{\overline{M'B}}{\overline{M'C}}=\frac{\overline{M'U}}{\overline{M'V}}=\frac{\overline{BU}}{\overline{CV}}=\frac{\overline{PB}}{\overline{NC}} \Longrightarrow YM' \parallel PB \parallel NC \Longrightarrow M \equiv M'.$
10.04.2012 20:49
Lemma:- In a triangle $\triangle ABC$, $P$ is a point inside it.Let $\triangle P_aP_bP_c$ be the cevian triangle of $P$.Consider a point $Q$ on the circumference of $\odot P_aP_bP_c$.Let $X=P_bP_c\cap P_aQ$.Analogously define $Y,Z$.Then $AX,BY,CZ$ are concurrent. Proof:- Let us consider a projective transformation that takes the circle $\odot P_aP_bP_c$ to the circle $P_a'P_b'P_c'$ and the tri-liner polar of $P$ to infinity(It can be proven that there exists such a projective transformation).Let $A'B'C'$ be the image of $ABC$.Clearly $P'$ becomes the centroid of $\triangle A'B'C'$.Now the result of the lemma is trivially true for the medial triangle.Hence the lemma is proven. Main Proof:- Now we just need to prove that poles of $JM,NK,LP$ wrt the incircle are collinear.Note that $J$ is the pole of $KL$.Similarly $K$ is the pole of $JL$ and $L$ is the pole of $JK$.Now clearly polars of $M,N,P$ pass through $D,E,F$ respectively.Since $AM,BN,CP$ are concurrent, clearly $\triangle A_1B_1C_1$ is perspective with $\triangle DEF$ where $\triangle A_1B_1C_1$ is the triangle formed by the polars of $M,N,P$.So $\triangle DEF$ is a cevian triangle of $\triangle A_1B_1C_1$.Now using the above lemma we conclude that $JM,NK,LP$ are concurrent.
07.11.2014 03:37
My solution: Let $ I $ be the incenter of $ \triangle ABC $ . From Cevian nest theorem we get $ AJ, BK, CL $ are concurrent at $ Z $ . Since $ KL $ is the polar of $ J $ WRT $ (I) $ , so $ K, A, L $ are collinear . Similarly, we can prove $ B \in LJ $ and $ C \in JK $ . Since $ \triangle ABC $ is the $ Z $ -cevian triangle of $ \triangle JKL $ , so from Cevian nest theorem we get $ JM, KN, LP $ are concurrent . Q.E.D
07.11.2014 04:52
What's cevian-nest theorem?
07.11.2014 06:38
Dear Mathlinkers, see for example http://jl.ayme.pagesperso-orange.fr/ vol. 3 the cevian nests theorem or on search on mathlinks Sincerely Jean-Louis
07.11.2014 15:19
cevian nest theorem, twice