Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be an acute-angled triangle and let $D$, $E$, $F$ be points on $BC$, $CA$, $AB$, respectively, such that \[\angle{AFE}=\angle{BFD}\mbox{,}\quad\angle{BDF}=\angle{CDE}\quad\mbox{and}\quad\angle{CED}=\angle{AEF}\mbox{.}\] Prove that $D$, $E$ and $F$ are the feet of the perpendiculars through $A$, $B$ and $C$ on $BC$, $CA$ and $AB$, respectively. (Swiss Mathematical Olympiad 2011, Final round, problem 2)
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Tags: geometry, incenter, trigonometry, trig identities, Law of Sines, geometry proposed
22.03.2011 23:41
$AD$,$BE$,$CF$ are concurrent at $I$ , which is the incenter of $\triangle DEF$. $DE$ cut $CF$ at $G$ and then $(F,G/I,C)=-1$ $~$ $\Longrightarrow$ $~$ $\angle IEC=\pi$/2 Likewise, $~$ $\angle IDB=\angle IFA=\pi$/2 and then it's done.
23.03.2011 13:21
gold46 wrote: Let $\angle AFE = \angle BFD = x$ $\angle BDF = \angle EDC=y$ $\angle DEC = \angle FEA = z$ $\angle ABE = a$ $\angle BEC = b$ Obviously $x+y+z=180$.(*) $\angle ABC=a+b=180-x-y$(1) $\angle AEB = 180 - \angle BEC \implies a-b=x-y$ (2) (1) , (2) $\implies a=90-y \implies \angle AEB=180 - 180 +x+y -90 +z=^{(*)}90$ Similarly $\angle ADC = \angle CFB=90$
23.03.2011 17:05
See Here for this same problem discussed an yr earlier.
18.10.2013 09:51
Let <BDF=<CDE=x, <CED=<AEF=y, <AFE=<BFD=z.Applying the law of sines to BDF,CDE and AFE we get BD/BF=sinz/sinx, CD/CE=siny/sinx, AE/AF=sinz/siny. So BD/CD*CE/AE*AF/BF=1.....(1). We draw a line l parallel to BC passing through A. DF and DE (extended) meet l at points X and Y. Note that BDF is similar to AXF and so BD/BF=AX/AF. Similarly CD/CE=AY/AE. Substituting these back in (1) we get AX=AY. In triangles AXD and AYD we have AX=AY, <AXD=<AYD=x and DX=DY. Therefore triangles AXD and AYD are conguent and so <XAD=<YAD=90 degrees.Hence XY parallel to BC implies <BDA=<CDA=90 degrees. BE and CF can be proved altitudes in a similar way. BYE
22.12.2013 14:16
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/blog.php?u=177724&
17.05.2020 21:42
We see that $\angle AFE=\angle BFD=\gamma, \angle BDF=\angle CDE=\alpha, \angle CED=\angle AEF=\beta$ since $\alpha+\beta+\gamma=180^\circ$ $ABDE, AFDC$ and $FBCE$ are cyclic since $\angle EDB+\angle EAB=\angle CAF+\angle CDF=\angle ECB+\angle EFB=180^\circ$ $\angle ADF=\angle ECF=\angle EBA=\angle EDA$. Now: $\angle CDA=\angle CDE+\angle EDA=\angle BDF+\angle ADF=\angle ADB$ Since $\angle CDA+\angle ADB=180^\circ \implies \angle CDA=\angle ADB=90^\circ$ From cyclic quadrilateral $ABDE: \angle ADB=\angle AEB=\angle BEC=90^\circ$ From cyclic quadrilateral $AFDC: \angle CDA=\angle CFA=\angle CFB=90^\circ$. That is all