Prove that for any real numbers $x, y, z$ at least one of numbers $x^2 + y + \frac{1}{4}, y^2 + z + \frac{1}{4}, z^2 + x + \frac{1}{4}$ is nonnegative. Proposed by Oleksii Masalitin
Problem
Source: Kyiv City MO 2024 Round 2, Problem 7.1
Tags: algebra, inequalities
05.02.2024 01:46
05.02.2024 16:44
In fact, we can also say precisely which term has to be non-negative: If w.l.o.g. $x=\min(x,y,z)$, then $x^2+y+\frac{1}{4} \ge x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 \ge 0$.
05.02.2024 17:16
Prove that for any positive real numbers $x, y, z$ at least one of numbers $x(y-1) + \frac{1}{4}, y(z-1) + \frac{1}{4}, z(x-1) + \frac{1}{4}$ is nonnegative.
24.02.2024 04:07
Suppose it is not true, then all the quantities are negatives, then summing them up we conclude that $$x^2 + y+1/4 + y^2+z+1/4 + z^2 + x+1/4<0$$it implies that $(x+1/2)^2 + (y+1/2)^2 + (z+1/2)^2<0$ but it is a contradiction.
30.03.2024 08:28
Observe that the sum of the given numbers, which can be simplified to be $$\sum_{cyc} \left(x + \frac{1}{2} \right)^2, $$is nonnegative. As such, at least one of the given numbers has to be nonnegative, since if all of them were negative, then the sum would be as well.