Let $p$ be a prime and let $f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c$ be a quadratic polynomial with integer coefficients such that $0 < a, b, c \le p$. Suppose $f(x)$ is divisible by $p$ whenever $x$ is a positive integer. Find all possible values of $a + b + c$.
Source: 2023 NZMO - New Zealand Maths Olympiad Round 1 p4
Tags: number theory
Let $p$ be a prime and let $f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c$ be a quadratic polynomial with integer coefficients such that $0 < a, b, c \le p$. Suppose $f(x)$ is divisible by $p$ whenever $x$ is a positive integer. Find all possible values of $a + b + c$.