Problem

Source: IFYM - XI International Festival of Young Mathematicians Sozopol 2022, Theme for 11-12 grade, 4th round p6

Tags: inequalities, algebra, Functional inequality, functional equation



For the function $f : Z^2_{\ge0} \to Z_{\ge 0}$ it is known that $$f(0, j) = f(i, 0) = 1, \,\,\,\,\, \forall i, j \in N_0$$$$f(i, j) = if (i, j - 1) + jf(i - 1, j),\,\,\,\,\, \forall i, j \in N$$Prove that for every natural number $n$ the following inequality holds: $$\sum_{0\le i+j\le n+1} f(i, j) \le 2 \left(\sum^n_{k=0}\frac{1}{k!}\right)\left(\sum^n_{p=1}p!\right)+ 3$$