Let $ABCD$ be a square. Let $P$ be a point on the semicircle of diameter $AB$ outside the square. Let $M$ and $N$ be the intersections of $PD$ and $PC$ with $AB$, respectively. Prove that $MN^2 = AM \cdot BN$.
Problem
Source: Mathematics Regional Olympiad of Mexico Northeast 2016 P4
Tags: square, geometry, semicircle
13.09.2022 12:48
I succeeded with analytical geometry,but not synthetical...Who can solve synthetical,pls?
13.09.2022 17:35
Dear Mathlinkers, the consideration of the Haruki's lemme may help... Sincerely Jean-Louis
14.09.2022 07:58
Any ideas? Sincerely Jean-Louis
14.09.2022 08:21
Haruki's lemma is a good idea,thanks You,jayme! The circle of diameter AB intersect DP and CP in Q and R,respectively..The circumcicle of triangle PMR intersect AB ar S. Haruki's lemma leader to: AM*BN/MN=SB.....No,remain to prove that:SB=MN...Who can help me for this? If you desire,i can posted the analytical solution...
14.09.2022 15:41
Dear soryn... the way Haruki is very interesting... SB = MN is the kern of this problem... Sincerely Jean-Louis
14.09.2022 16:21
Dear jayme, your can help me?
14.09.2022 16:30
Dear soryn, there are two equal triangles with bases SB and MN...I have to write my proof but I think there is more simple... Sincerely Jean-Louis
14.09.2022 16:59
Just a question : which is the official solution? Sincerely Jean-Louis
14.09.2022 17:30
soryn wrote: I succeeded with analytical geometry,but not synthetical...Who can solve synthetical,pls?
15.09.2022 17:13
Dear Mathlinker, can you precise the Hint 3... Very sincerely Jean-Louis
15.09.2022 19:39
Here is the sol. Let $B',C'$ be the images of $B,C$ under the homothety sending $CD$ to $NM$. So $B'C'MN$ is a square. Note that $\Delta BNB' \sim \Delta C'MA$. So, $\frac{BN}{NB'}=\frac{C'M}{MA} \implies BN \cdot MA=NB' \cdot C'M=MN^2$
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15.09.2022 20:44
Unexpectedly easy!Thank you,mr GeoKing! Here is my solution.Let be $A\left(0,0\right)$ the origin;then:$B\left(a,0\right);C\left(a,a\right);D\left(0,a\right)$ Let be $P\left(\alpha,\beta\right)$;then the vequation of line PD is :$y=\frac{x}{\alpha}\left(\beta-a\right)+a$ $y=0\Rightarrow x_{M}=\frac{\alpha a}{a-\beta}\Rightarrow\mid AM\mid=\frac{\alpha a}{a-\beta}$ After calculation,thevequation of vline CP is:$ y=x\cdotp\frac{\beta-a}{\alpha-a}+a-\frac{a\left(\beta-a\right)}{\alpha-a}$ $y=0\Rightarrow x_{N}=\frac{a\left(\alpha-\beta\right)}{a-\beta}\Rightarrow\mid BN\mid=a-x_{N}=\frac{a\left(\alpha-a\right)}{a-\beta}\Rightarrow\mid AM\mid\cdotp\mid BN\mid=\frac{a^{2}\cdotp\alpha\left(a-\alpha\right)}{\left(a-\beta\right)^{2}}$ $\mid MN\mid=\frac{a\left(\alpha-\beta\right)}{a-\beta}-\frac{\alpha a}{a-\beta}=-\frac{a\beta}{a-\beta}\Rightarrow\mid MN\mid^{2}=\frac{a^{2}\beta^{2}}{\left(a-\beta\right)^{2}}$ The equation of circle of diameter AB is:$\left(x-\frac{a}{2}\right)^{2}+y^{2}=\frac{a^{2}}{4}\Rightarrow\beta^{2}=\alpha\left(a-\alpha\right)$,done!
16.09.2022 18:09
Thank you... Sincerely Jean-Louis