Find all pairs of positive integers $(m, n)$ satisfying the equation $$m!+n!=m^n+1.$$
Problem
Source: 2019 Thailand October Camp TSTST 1.3
Tags: Diophantine equation, number theory
14.02.2022 09:23
A very lazy sketch: It's well-known that $m^{m/2} \leq m! $ so $\frac{m}{2} \leq n$. Suppose that $m,n>3$ then $4 \mid m^n+1$ so $n$ is odd and with LTE we have that $v_2(m^n+1)=v_2(m+1)$. And also if $m \leq n$ then by Krummer we have that $$v_2(n!)=n-s_2(n) \leq v_2(m+1) \implies 2^{n-s_2(n)} \leq m+1 \leq 2n+1$$This give us that $n \leq 5$. And if $n \leq m$ then: $$v_2(m!)=m-s_2(m) \leq v_2(m+1) \implies 2^{m-s_2(m)} \leq m+1$$This give us that $m \leq 3$ The rest I think it's easy.
22.02.2022 23:55
I have a really similar solution to Dimath27 , by the way after seeing n>=m/2 you can see m is prime. But m<=3 part is wrong.All solutions are (1,1) , (2,1) , (5,3)
24.02.2022 02:09