Problem

Source: IMOC 2021 C11

Tags: combinatorics, grid, IMOC



In an $m \times n$ grid, each square is either filled or not filled. For each square, its value is defined as $0$ if it is filled and is defined as the number of neighbouring filled cells if it is not filled. Here, two squares are neighbouring if they share a common vertex or side. Let $f(m,n)$ be the largest total value of squares in the grid. Determine the minimal real constant $C$ such that $$\frac{f(m,n)}{mn} \le C$$holds for any positive integers $m,n$ CSJL