A math contest consists of $9$ objective type questions and $6$ fill in the blanks questions. From a school some number of students took the test and it was noticed that all students had attempted exactly $14$ out of $15$ questions. Let $O_1, O_2, \dots , O_9$ be the nine objective questions and $F_1, F_2, \dots , F_6$ be the six fill inthe blanks questions. Let $a_{ij}$ be the number of students who attemoted both questions $O_i$ and $F_j$. If the sum of all the $a_{ij}$ for $i=1, 2,\dots , 9$ and $j=1, 2,\dots , 6$ is $972$, then find the number of students who took the test in the school.
Problem
Source: NMTC 2019 Junior P5
Tags: number theory
02.11.2019 14:29
is the answer 21??
02.11.2019 14:46
Yeah even i got 21. But my solution is entirely different than anyone at my center. It uses summations and bounding
02.11.2019 15:27
@above me too!
02.11.2019 15:31
Please post your solutions, and then I'll post my entirely different solution. Most people whom I could hear were saying something like $48x+45y=972$
02.11.2019 15:35
Math-wiz wrote: Please post your solutions, and then I'll post my entirely different solution. Most people whom I could hear were saying something like $48x+45y=972$ Exactly!!!!
02.11.2019 15:38
An example of my stupidity in the exam- I solved P6 but when I checked them in the original eqn, I did a calculation mistake in verifying and ended up writing that there are no solutions.
02.11.2019 16:12
Here's a summary of how I solved it. Hope y'all like it. Denote $a_i, b_j$ as the number of students who did not solve $O_i, F_j$ respectively. Then, $\sum a_i+\sum b_j=n$ And, $a_{ij}=n-a_i-b_j$, where $n$ is total number of students. Summing both sides with $1\leq i\leq 9, 1\leq j\leq 6$, $972=54n-6\sum a_i-9\sum b_j=48n-3\sum b_j$ So, $\sum b_j=16n-324$ Now, $0\leq \sum b_j\leq n$ So, $\frac{324}{16}\leq n \leq\frac{324}{15}$ This gives $n=21$
02.11.2019 16:15
Math-wiz wrote: Here's a summary of how I solved it. Hope y'all like it. Denote $a_i, b_j$ as the number of students who did not solve $O_i, F_j$ respectively. Then, $\sum a_i+\sum b_j=n$ And, $a_{ij}=n-a_i-b_j$, where $n$ is total number of students. Summing both sides with $1\leq i\leq 9, 1\leq j\leq 6$, $972=54n-6\sum a_i-9\sum b_j=48n-3\sum b_j$ So, $\sum b_j=16n-324$ Now, $0\leq \sum b_j\leq n$ So, $\frac{324}{16}\leq n \leq\frac{324}{15}$ This gives $n=21$ I wish I could give more than 1 upvote!.Cleanest solution ever
02.11.2019 16:17
Even i liked my solution too much. But, everyone at my center ruined the fun with some other method. Even the dumbest ones solved this one Ohh, great @below. You're one of the few rare ones i am the only one out of 50 students who have solved it this way
02.11.2019 16:31
I did the same as math wiz
26.02.2020 15:25
Ok, two people asked me to post the diophantine solution. In my opinion it's actually the most straightforward (I got this in like 5 minutes). Let \[S = \sum_{i=1}^9 \sum_{j=1}^6 a_{ij}\] Every student has either (a) attempted everything except \(O_i\) for some \(i\), or (b) attempted everything except \(F_i\) for some \(i\) In the first case, observe that this person is counted exactly \(8\cdot 6 = 48\) times. In the second case, this person has been counted exactly \(9\cdot 5 = 45\) times in \(S\). As an example, if a person attempted everything except \(O_9\), then he is counted once for each of \[a_{1j}, a_{2j}, \ldots, a_{8j}\]for every \(j\) (since they attempted all FITB questions). So, if \(a\) denotes the number of people accounted for in case (a), and \(b\) denotes the number of people in case (b), then the condition \(S=972\) becomes \[48a + 45b = 972\]Now just check that the only positive integer solution to this is \((12,9)\), which gives \(a+b = \boxed{21}\).