Circle inscribed in square $ABCD$ , is tangent to sides $AB$ and $CD$ at points $M$ and $K$ respectively. Line $BK$ intersects this circle at the point $L, X$ is the midpoint of $KL$. Find the angle $\angle MXK $.
Problem
Source: 2019 Oral Moscow Geometry Olympiad grades 10-11 p1
Tags: geometry, square, incircle, angle
thegreatp.d
22.05.2019 12:55
Let $BC=2,BM=1,I$ is the incenter of the circle. Now, $BK=\sqrt{5}$
$MK$ is diameter of the circle. So, $ML\perp BL$ or, $MK\perp BK$.
Area of $\triangle BMK=\frac{1}{2}\times BM\times MK=\frac{1}{2}\times ML\times BK$
$\implies 1\times 2=ML\times \sqrt{5}$
$\implies ML=\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}$
So, $KL=\sqrt{(MK^2)-(ML^2)}$
$\implies KL=\frac{4}{\sqrt{5}}$
So, $KX=XL=\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}=ML$
So, $\triangle MKL$ is an isosceles right angled triangle.
$\implies \angle MXL=45^{\circ}$
$\implies \angle MXK=180^{\circ}-45^{\circ}=\boxed{135^{\circ}}$
greenturtle3141
22.05.2019 13:00
Clearly $X$ is the foot from $O$ to $BK$. Then OMBX is cyclic, i.e. <OXM = <OBM = 45, so <MXK = 45+90=135
thegreatp.d
22.05.2019 13:13
greenturtle3141 wrote:
Clearly $X$ is the foot from $O$ to $BK$. Then $OMBX$ is cyclic, i.e. $\angle OXM = \angle OBM = 45^{\circ}, so \angle MXK = 45^{\circ}+90^{\circ}=135^{\circ}$
yeah this is quicker. But proving $OX\perp BK$ will take some time. Again in my method , I explained every reason so it seems that this is quite lengthy. If I explained my solution like you, this would be shorten like your's.
greenturtle3141
22.05.2019 13:40
@above but $OX \perp BK$ is trivial since $X$ is the chord midpoint.
jayme
17.02.2020 18:04
Dear Mathlinkers, http://jl.ayme.pagesperso-orange.fr/Docs/Miniatures%20Geometriques%20addendum%20VII.pdf p. 79... Sincerely Jean-Louis