A circle touches the side $AB$ of the triangle $ABC$ at $A$, touches the side $BC$ at $P$ and intersects the side $AC$ at $Q$. The line symmetrical to $PQ$ with respect to $AC$ meets the line $AP$ at $X$. Prove that $PC=CX$. Proposed by S. Berlov
Problem
Source: Tuymaada 2018 Junior League/Problem 2
Tags: circles, tangent, geometry
20.07.2018 23:24
Let $O$ be the centre of the circle and $R$ the symmetric of $P$ with respect to $AC$ . $$\angle AOP = 180 - \angle ABC$$so $\angle AQP = \angle AQR = \frac{180 - \angle ABC}{2} $ Now note that $$\angle APB = \angle CPX = \angle PQA = \angle XQC $$so $PQCX$ ia cyclic . The conclusion follows from $$\angle QPC = \angle QXC = \angle QRC $$so $ CR = CP = CX $
22.07.2018 00:44
Note that $\angle PQC=C-\left(90^{\circ}-\tfrac{1}{2}B\right)+A=90^{\circ}-\tfrac{1}{2}B$ so $\angle PQX=\angle CBA$ and $\angle XPQ=\angle CAB$ proving $\triangle XPQ \sim \triangle CAB$. So $\angle PXQ+\angle PCQ=180^{\circ}$ proving $PCQX$ cyclic. Since $QC$ bisects angle $PQX$ externally, we're done.
20.08.2018 08:13
1.Chase angles with tangent secent. 2. show that quadrilateral $CXPQ$ is concyclic. 3.Then prove equality of two angle.
20.08.2018 08:18
20.06.2021 09:34
Let R be the second intersection of QX with the circle. Angle AQP=Angle AQR=Angle CQX ....(1) Angle AQP=Angle BPA=Angle CPX ....(2) From (1) &(2) Angle CQX=Angle CPX Thus CQPX is cyclic. Hence, Angle PQA=Angle PXC .... (3) From (2)&(3) Angle PXC=Angle CPX Thus PC=CX
05.01.2022 09:13
Let P' be reflection of P across AC. ∠XQC = ∠P'QA = ∠AQP = ∠APB = ∠XPC ---> QCXP is cyclic. ∠CXQ = ∠CPQ = ∠CP'Q ---> CX = CP' = CP. we're Done.