Let $ABC$ be a triangle. $I$ is the incenter, and the incircle is tangent to $BC$, $CA$, $AB$ at $D$, $E$, $F$, respectively. $P$ is the second point of intersection of $AD$ and the incircle. If $M$ is the midpoint of $EF$, show that $P$, $I$, $M$, $D$ are concyclic.
Problem
Source: Iberoamerican Olympiad 1990, Problem 4
Tags: geometry, incenter, power of a point, geometry proposed
18.05.2007 07:12
It is really easy. $|AP\parallel AD|=|AE|^{2}=|AM\parallel AI|$, where the first equality follows from the power of a point and the second from the similarity of $AEI$ and $AEM$. Conclusion follows.
10.01.2010 16:11
AE and AF being tangents to the circle I and being concurrent on PD, it follows that $ DEPF$ is a harmonic quad, hence the tangents at D and P to circle I concur on EF, let's call $ T$ their common point. since $ M\in AI \cap EF$, we have $ MI\perp MT$, then $ DI\perp DT$ and $ PI\perp PT$, consequently $ D, M$ and $ P$ lie on the circle of diameter $ TI$, done. Note: This way follows that $ TI\perp AD$ (was this proof known for the issue?) Best regards, sunken rock
10.01.2010 16:33
Consider The inversion center $ I$ power $ k$ ( $ k=ID^2$): $ {M}\rightarrow{A}, {P}\rightarrow{P}, {D}\rightarrow{D}$. Since we'll get the result
19.05.2021 15:44
TomciO wrote: It is really easy. $|AP\parallel AD|=|AE|^{2}=|AM\parallel AI|$, where the first equality follows from the power of a point and the second from the similarity of $AEI$ and $AEM$. Conclusion follows. Well though according to u this is trivial but we need to show this before that A,M,I are collinear. Which is trivial by congruence of the triangles AFM,AEM. Then done.......by your proof
29.09.2021 05:19
People is saying trivial when its an Ibero of 1990 and it was P4!. Show some respect to problem PLS! Anyways...taking polars w.r.t. incircle $\mathcal P_A=EF$ thus $M$ and $A$ are inverses w.r.t. incircle and now by inversion w.r.t. incirle we have $P \to P$, $M \to A$ and $D \to D$ thus the problem is equivalent to show that $A,P,D$ are colinear and we are done since that is a condition of the problem. @below BRUH
29.09.2021 11:43
Trivial. By PoP, $$AK\cdot AI=AE^2=AD\cdot AP.$$
26.11.2024 19:51
It equivalent to show that, $\angle DPI = \angle DMI $ Create $\angle DPK = \angle DJK$ on Circle as the image where $L,N = FM\cap PD, EM\cap JK$ claim #1 $\triangle ALN$ is isosceles. pf, By butterfly theorem $LM = MN$ and since $\angle FMA = \angle FMI = 90$ Imply that, $\triangle ALN$ is isosceles. claim #2 $PJ // LN$ pf, Suppose $O = PJ\cap AM$, $M^\prime = AM \cap DK$ Since $(M^\prime, O ; M, A)$ is harmonic bundle. \[(M^\prime, O ; M, A) = (P,J ; O, P_\infty) \;\; ;\text{Perspective with point } D\]Thus, O is midpoint of $PJ$. Apply with claim #1, $\angle AOJ = \angle AMN \Longleftrightarrow PJ // LN$ By claim #2, $\angle PJM = \angle LMD$ Since, $\angle DMI = 90-\angle LMD = 90-\angle PJD = 90-\angle PDB$ So, $90-\angle PDB = \angle IDP = \angle IPD$ Thus, $\angle PJM = \angle IPD$. $P,M,I,D$ Concyclic.
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26.11.2024 20:05
Another overkill is to observe that $DP$ is a symmedian in $DEF$, so $EF$ is a symmedian in $DEP$, so $M$ is the magic point of the symmedian of $E$ in $DEP$, so $P,I,M,D$ are concyclic.