Find the smallest positive integer $n$ such that if we color in red $n$ arbitrary vertices of the cube , there will be a vertex of the cube which has the three vertices adjacent to it colored in red.
Problem
Source: Romania JBMO TST 2015 Day 1 Problem 2
Tags: Coloring, combinatorics
14.05.2015 10:23
The answer is $ 5 $. Just case-working
28.07.2015 10:39
$n$ must be at least 5 because if $n \leq 4$ there is a coloring where all the colored vertices are either in the "top" 4 or in the "bottom" 4. This coloring does not satisfy the given property since a vertex with all neighbors red implies at least 1 color vertex on each of "top" and "bottom". We claim that when $n = 5$, there is always a vertex with all neighbors colored red. By the Pigeonhole Principle, either "top" or "bottom" has at least 3 red vertices. WLOG, say "top" has at least 3 red vertices. It is then easy to work out the cases of 3 & 4 red vertcies to show that there must always be a vertex with all neighbors red. (I would work it out here, but it's hard to explain clearly without drawing a diagram.)
05.07.2016 08:44
Huh? I color 6 and still unsatisfied the condition. Am I wrong somewhere?
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07.03.2020 13:54
The vertex doesn't have to be red