In triangle $ABC$, let the circumcenter, incenter, and orthocenter be $O$, $I$, and $H$ respectively. Segments $AO$, $AI$, and $AH$ intersect the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$ at $D$, $E$, and $F$. $CD$ intersects $AE$ at $M$ and $CE$ intersects $AF$ at $N$. Prove that $MN$ is parallel to $BC$.
2018 China Northern MO
Grade 10
Test 1
Let $a$,$b$,$c$ be nonnegative reals such that $$a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+\frac{2}{3}ac+\frac{4}{3}bc=1$$Find the maximum and minimum value of $a+b+c$.
Let $p$ be a prime such that $3|p+1$. Show that $p|a-b$ if and only if $p|a^3-b^3$
In each square of a $4$ by $4$ grid, you put either a $+1$ or a $-1$. If any 2 rows and 2 columns are deleted, the sum of the remaining 4 numbers is nonnegative. What is the minimum number of $+1$'s needed to be placed to be able to satisfy the conditions
Test 2
A right triangle has the property that it's sides are pairwise relatively prime positive integers and that the ratio of it's area to it's perimeter is a perfect square. Find the minimum possible area of this triangle.
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of triangle $ABC$. Let $D$ and $E$ be points on $AB$ and $AC$ such that $DE$ is parallel to $CH$. If the circumcircle of triangle $BDH$ passes through $M$, the midpoint of $DE$, then prove that $\angle ABM=\angle ACM$
If $a$,$b$,$c$ are positive reals, prove that $$\frac{a+bc}{a+a^2}+\frac{b+ca}{b+b^2}+\frac{c+ab}{c+c^2} \geq 3$$
2 players A and B play the following game with A going first: On each player's turn, he puts a number from 1 to 99 among 99 equally spaced points on a circle (numbers cannot be repeated), and the player who completes 3 consecutive numbers that forms an arithmetic sequence around the circle wins the game. Who has the winning strategy? Explain your reasoning.
Grade 11
Test 1
The same as Grade 10 Problem 2 - 1
Let $p$ be a prime. We say $p$ is good if and only if for any positive integer $a,b,$ such that $$a\equiv b (\textup{mod}p)\Leftrightarrow a^3\equiv b^3 (\textup{mod}p).$$Prove that (1)There are infinite primes $p$ which are good; (2)There are infinite primes $p$ which are not good.
$A,B,C,D,E$ lie on $\odot O$ in that order,and $$BD \cap CE=F,CE \cap AD=G,AD \cap BE=H,BE \cap AC=I,AC \cap BD=J.$$Prove that $\frac{FG}{CE}=\frac{GH}{DA}=\frac{HI}{BE}=\frac{IJ}{AC}=\frac{JF}{BD}$ when and only when $F,G,H,I,J$ are concyclic.
For $n(n\geq3)$ positive intengers $a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_n$. Put the numbers on a circle. In each operation, calculate difference between two adjacent numbers and take its absolute value. Put the $n$ numbers we get on another ciecle (do not change their order). Find all $n$, satisfying that no matter how $a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_n$ are given, all numbers on the circle are equal after limited operations.
Test 2
The same as Grade 10 Problem 6 - 5
For $a_1 = 3$, define the sequence $a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots$ for $n \geq 1$ as $$na_{n+1}=2(n+1)a_n-n-2.$$Prove that for any odd prime $p$, there exist positive integer $m,$ such that $p|a_m$ and $p|a_{m+1}.$
The same as Grade 10 Problem 8 - 7
Prove that there exist infinite positive integer $n,$ such that $2018 | \left( 1+2^n+3^n+4^n \right).$