2023 Malaysian IMO Team Selection Test

Day 1, April 29, 2023

1

Let $P$ be a cyclic polygon with circumcenter $O$ that does not lie on any diagonal, and let $S$ be the set of points on 2D plane containing $P$ and $O$. The $\textit{Matcha Sweep Game}$ is a game between two players $A$ and $B$, with $A$ going first, such that each choosing a nonempty subset $T$ of points in $S$ that has not been previously chosen, and such that if $T$ has at least $3$ vertices then $T$ forms a convex polygon. The game ends with all points have been chosen, with the player picking the last point wins. For which polygons $P$ can $A$ guarantee a win? Proposed by Anzo Teh Zhao Yang

2

Let $a_1, a_2, \cdots, a_n$ be a sequence of real numbers with $a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n=0$. Define the score $S(\sigma)$ of a permutation $\sigma=(b_1, \cdots b_n)$ of $(a_1, \cdots a_n)$ to be the minima of the sum $$(x_1-b_1)^2+\cdots+(x_n-b_n)^2$$over all real numbers $x_1\le \cdots \le x_n$. Prove that $S(\sigma)$ attains the maxima over all permutations $\sigma$, if and only if for all $1\le k\le n$, $$b_1+b_2+\cdots+b_k\ge 0.$$ Proposed by Anzo Teh Zhao Yang

3

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AB\neq AC$. Let $D, E, F$ be the midpoints of the sides $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ respectively, and $M, N$ be the midpoints of minor arc $BC$ not containing $A$ and major arc $BAC$ respectively. Suppose $W, X, Y, Z$ are the incenter, $D$-excenter, $E$-excenter, and $F$-excenter of triangle $DEF$ respectively. Prove that the circumcircles of the triangles $ABC$, $WNX$, $YMZ$ meet at a common point. Proposed by Ivan Chan Kai Chin

Day 2, April 30, 2023

4

Do there exist infinitely many triples of positive integers $(a, b, c)$ such that $a$, $b$, $c$ are pairwise coprime, and $a! + b! + c!$ is divisible by $a^2 + b^2 + c^2$? Proposed by Anzo Teh Zhao Yang

5

Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral, with circumcircle $\omega$ and circumcenter $O$. Let $AB$ intersect $CD$ at $E$, $AD$ intersect $BC$ at $F$, and $AC$ intersect $BD$ at $G$. The points $A_1, B_1, C_1, D_1$ are chosen on rays $GA$, $GB$, $GC$, $GD$ such that: $\bullet$ $\displaystyle \frac{GA_1}{GA} = \frac{GB_1}{GB} = \frac{GC_1}{GC} = \frac{GD_1}{GD}$ $\bullet$ The points $A_1, B_1, C_1, D_1, O$ lie on a circle. Let $A_1B_1$ intersect $C_1D_1$ at $K$, and $A_1D_1$ intersect $B_1C_1$ at $L$. Prove that the image of the circle $(A_1B_1C_1D_1)$ under inversion about $\omega$ is a line passing through the midpoints of $KE$ and $LF$. Proposed by Anzo Teh Zhao Yang & Ivan Chan Kai Chin

6

Suppose there are $n$ points on the plane, no three of which are collinear. Draw $n-1$ non-intersecting segments (except possibly at endpoints) between pairs of points, such that it is possible to travel between any two points by travelling along the segments. Such a configuration of points and segments is called a network. Given a network, we may assign labels from $1$ to $n-1$ to each segment such that each segment gets a different label. Define a spin as the following operation: $\bullet$ Choose a point $v$ and rotate the labels of its adjacent segments clockwise. Formally, let $e_1,e_2,\cdots,e_k$ be the segments which contain $v$ as an endpoint, sorted in clockwise order (it does not matter which segment we choose as $e_1$). Then, the label of $e_{i+1}$ is replaced with the label of $e_{i}$ simultaneously for all $1 \le i \le k$. (where $e_{k+1}=e_{1}$) A network is nontrivial if there exists at least $2$ points with at least $2$ adjacent segments each. A network is versatile if any labeling of its segments can be obtained from any initial labeling using a finite amount of spins. Find all integers $n \ge 5$ such that any nontrivial network with $n$ points is versatile. Proposed by Yeoh Zi Song